
Sawit Sebagai Sumber Bahan Bakar Nabati
Mengingat meningkatnya permintaan energi, rencana implementasi biofuel (BBN) masih sedang dikembangkan, yang masih didominasi oleh bahan bakar fosil dengan cadangan yang sangat terbatas. Pengembangan biofuel dianggap sebagai salah satu program pencarian energi berkelanjutan lainnya.
Direktur bioenergi mengatakan bahwa rencana implementasi BBN sebenarnya sudah diimplementasikan sejak lama, tetapi baru-baru ini berkembang. Jika Anda melihat ke belakang, Indonesia sudah mulai menjadi importir bahan bakar sejak 2004, dan ketika kita melihat peningkatan tren impor.
Namun, untuk diesel, bahan baku nabati campuran akan digunakan sebagai campuran diesel pada tahun 2020, sehingga Indonesia dapat mengurangi impor bahan bakar fosil. Jika Anda melihat tabel impor dari 2008 hingga 2028, jumlahnya akan meningkat. Sektor transportasi mengkonsumsi energi paling banyak, yaitu konsumsi bahan bakar.
Direktur bioenergi lebih lanjut menjelaskan bahwa, terutama untuk biofuel, hampir semua tanaman penghasil minyak dapat digunakan sebagai biofuel, sambil tetap memperhatikan ekonomi. Inilah sebabnya mengapa minyak adalah pilihan Indonesia. “Alhamdulillah, kami memiliki banyak tanaman kelapa sawit, karena tanah ini cocok untuk Indonesia. Departemen bisnis bio-energi juga telah berkembang sejak lama, dan rantai pasokannya sangat bagus, jadi pilihlah pohon-pohon palem.”
Berikut ini beberapa fakta menarik tentang telapak tangan:
Pertama, Indonesia memiliki perkebunan kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia, dan lebih dari 700 perkebunan kelapa sawit telah dikembangkan di seluruh Indonesia. Total area kelapa sawit adalah sekitar 14,68 juta hektar, dimana 40% dimiliki oleh petani kecil. Menurut data dari Kementerian Pertanian pada 2017, potensi pengembangan kelapa sawit adalah 35 juta ton CPO, 146 juta ton TBS dan 26,3 juta ton TBK. Sebagian besar produksi minyak sawit Indonesia diekspor, dan pendapatan tahunannya melebihi US $ 20 miliar.

Kedua, output kelapa sawit nasional adalah 31,07 juta ton pada 2015 dan 31,73 ton pada 2016, dan terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada 2019, produksi kelapa sawit nasional akan mencapai 42,87 juta ton. Setelah produksi kelapa sawit nasional meningkat, produksi biodiesel nasional berbasis kelapa sawit meningkat. Pada 2016, 2017, 2018 dan 2019, produksi biodiesel nasional berbasis kelapa sawit adalah 3,65 juta kiloliter, 3,41 juta kiloliter, masing-masing 6,16 juta kiloliter dan 8,37 juta kiloliter.
Ketiga, kelapa sawit bukanlah penyebab deforestasi. Konvensi hutan utama untuk penggunaan lain dimulai sebelum perluasan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Perkebunan kelapa sawit tumbuh dan menempati lahan terdegradasi. Yang menarik, kelapa sawit justru mengubah lahan terdegradasi menjadi area produksi. Perkebunan kelapa sawit yang dikonversi langsung dari hutan produksi hanya sekitar 3%.
Penggunaan kelapa sawit sebagai sumber biofuel kini telah mencapai tahap implementasi B30, yang mulai berlaku pada Januari 2020. Pemerintah berharap bahwa pengembangan biofuel berbasis minyak akan terus memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi banyak sektor, dan tentu saja bagi petani atau pengelola masyarakat di perkebunan kelapa sawit itu sendiri. Manfaat dari penerapan program biodiesel berbasis kelapa sawit yang diterapkan adalah untuk menghemat devisa, meningkatkan lapangan kerja (petani kelapa sawit), meningkatkan nilai tambah CPO dalam biodiesel, mengurangi emisi GRS dan meningkatkan konsumsi biodiesel domestik.
Direktur bioenergi mengatakan: “Kami berharap teman-teman sekelas kami akan berkontribusi pada pengembangan bioenergi berbasis minyak bumi. Baik dengan mengembangkan inovasi teknologi yang andal, efisien dan kompetitif serta produk-produk bioenergi berbasis kelapa sawit. Kami juga berharap universitas akan Ini dapat melatih dan merangsang penciptaan ahli profesional di bidang berbasis minyak bumi, dan melakukan penelitian komprehensif tentang pengembangan bioenergi berbasis minyak bumi.
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